Kad stignete :)
_________
Ksenija Kostić
Marketing
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From: Festival nauke PR [mailto:pr@festivalnauke.org]
Sent: 31 October 2019 14:34
To: pr(a)festivalnauke.org
Subject: SAOPSTENJE ZA MEDIJE - 13. Festival nauke - RAZOTKRIVANJE
SAOPŠTENJE ZA MEDIJE
13. FESTIVAL NAUKE - RAZOTKRIVANJE
Ovogodišnji Festival nauke, trinaesti po redu, održaće se od 5. do 8.
decembra na Beogradskom sajmu pod temom "Razotkrivanje" vodeći posetioce
kroz jedinstvenu avanturu rušenja naučnih mitova i brojnih zabluda uz pomoć
nauke i neizbežne doze radoznalosti i zabave! U vreme kada istina neretko
pada u drugi plan, a tumačenje činjenica postaje važnije od njih samih,
nauka se ispostavila kao odlično oruđe protiv svih ovih, ali i mnogih drugih
zabluda, kao sigurno utočište za sve koji i dalje neguju kritički duh i
radoznalost, ali i pravi putokaz za one koji žele da grade zemlju budućnosti
po meri svih nas.
Najveći naučni festival u ovom delu Evrope ponovo će otvoriti svoje kapije -
i to na više od 6.000 kvadrata u Halama 3, 3A i 5 Beogradskog sajma.
Tema ovogodišnjeg festivala, koja već u najavi daje povod za nezaboravno
druženje, u skladu je sa trinaestim izdanjem festivala. "S obzirom na to da
je broj trinaest zaštitni znak sujeverja, odlučili smo da na trinaestom
Festivalu nauke našim saradnicima damo zadatak da razotkriju sva ona sitna
sujeverja, ali i posve ozbiljne zablude i mitove koji su postali deo naše
svakodnevice", navodi glavni programski koordinator festivala Nenad Zarić.
"Posetioci će moći da učestvuju u razotkrivanju misterije sletanja na mesec,
saznaće koja sve zračenja postoje, da li su sva opasna i gde se sve mogu
otkriti. Preispitaćemo misterije evolucije, istražićemo tajne večitih mašina
koje nam daju energiju a ništa ne traže za uzvrat i staviti na proveru
brojne deklaracije proizvoda koje jedemo i pijemo svakodnevno, ne znajući
šta tačno unosimo u svoj organizam".
Više od polovine publike Festivala nauke čine školske posete, pa će tako i
ovogodišnji festivalski program sa preko 60 interaktivnih postavki biti
prilagođen najmlađim posetiocima, kreirajući mesto na kojem će se
eksperimenti iz udžbenika izvoditi uživo i gde će se učenicima pružiti
prilika da u njima i sami učestvuju. Tako će najmlađi posetioci zajedno sa
preko 600 naučnih demonstratora iz zemlje i sveta učestvovati u istraživanju
celog jednog univerzuma satkanog od nauke i najnovijih naučnih dostignuća.
Festival će posetiocima predstaviti bogat međunarodni program na
Naučno-fantastičnoj bini. Šou programom Veruješ li svojim očima predstaviće
se francuska trupa Trejsis, koja će se nizom eksperimenata poigrati sa
publikom i naterati ih da razmišljaju o tome šta su zaista videli, a koliko
su ih čula prevarila. Uhvati svetlost naziv je predstave austrijskog cirkusa
Luminesenc, u okviru kojeg će se sa zracima svetlosti poigravati uz pomoć
brojnih optičkih sočiva, stakala i dihroičnih filtera. Iz Njujorka i SAD na
festival stiže Bob Fridhofer, koji će u svojoj predstavi Budi i ti
superheroj uz pomoć fizike obrađivati sve teme od magije pa do popularnih
superheroja iz stripova objasnjavajući kako njihove supermoći funkcionišu
pomoću nauke. Naučni centar iz Slovenije Hiša eksperimentov koji prenosi
veštine kritičkog mišljenja kroz otvorenu komunikaciju, istraživanje i
otkrivanje predstaviće sasvim novo lice svemoćnih gasova koji mogu da
zaustave vatru ili pak izmene naše glasove, dok iz Estonije dolazi
izvanredan tim Kvark koji će uz malo eksplozije, mnoštvo trikova i nauke
provesti posetice na uzbudljivu vožnju kroz naučni svet. U Beograd ponovo
stiže popularni doktor koji je već pobrao simpatije svih mališana, izraelski
Dr Molekula, koji je svoju ordinaciju opremio najnovijim naučnim izumima i
zabavnim eksperimentima. Omiljeni poljski dvojac Haveljuši nauki ove godine
raspisaće poziv za tajne naučne agente, dok će Fantastični fizički teatar iz
Češke proveravati da li nauka kod nas može da razvije takozvano šesto čulo i
kako bi ono moglo da radi?
Na prošlogodišnjem Festivalu nauke više od 30.000 hiljada zadovoljnih
posetilaca upoznalo sa brojnim naučnim dostignućima, čime je festival
potvrdio svoju poziciju najvećeg događaja koji se bavi promocijom nauke i
obrazovanja u jugoistočnoj Evropi.
Generalni sponzor i ovogodišnjeg Festivala nauke je NIS, kompanija koja
podržava profesionalno usavršavanje mladih, obrazovanje i korišćenje
savremenih tehnologija i inovacija. Sedmu godinu zaredom, NIS i Festival
nauke zajedno doprinose popularnosti nauke među mladima, ovaj put
razotkrivajući svet koji nas okružuje uz pomoć naučnih dostignuća. Podrška
Festivalu nauke deo je strateškog usmerenja kompanije NIS koja svoje
društveno odgovorne projekte realizuje pod sloganom "Budućnost na delu".
Jedanaesti put zaredom, Prijatelj manifestacije je mts.
Suorganizator manifestacije je Beogradski sajam. Podrška festivalu su
Austrijski kulturni fórum i Francuski institut.
Sponzori trinaestog Festivala nauke su: Elektroprivreda Srbije, kompanija
Coca Cola, Erste banka, Nacionalna Geografija, Grafix i Messer Tehnogas AD.
Vaš Festival nauke
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Za sve dodatne informacije molimo Vas da kontaktirate Sanju Ljumović
(064.25.36.292) i Zoranu Minčić (063.868.39.26) PR tim Festivala nauke, na
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https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/cradle-of-modern-human-life-found-in-bo
tswana-maybe
Genetska istraživanja, navodno, kažu da su svi ljudi nastali od jedne
žene... u Bocvani... Ostaje da vidimo jel ima samo jedan Adam ili ih ima
više komada :)
Pozdrav, Dejan
Cradle of modern human life found in Botswana.maybe
Searching for the homeland of the modern human species has been a
fundamental quest in science and culture, particularly because we all carry
genetic echoes from our original fathers and mothers.
Travel back in time far enough by poring over fossils and peering at genetic
ancestry and the signs say all modern humans roaming the Earth came from
Africa.
But Africa is an enormous continent featuring an overwhelming scope of
geographical and cultural diversity. Today, anywhere between 1,000 to 2,000
languages stretch from the Saharan desert across the mountain rainforests to
the savannah grasslands.
So, where exactly did our modern ancestors come from, long before they
spread to the farthest reaches of the world? Northeastern Botswana.
This region of the African nation is the answer that the journal Nature
revealed Monday in a study that traced the origins of the deepest maternal
lineage known to humans.
The project, conducted by a dozen scientists from three continents, claims
that the mother of all modern humans living today - from New Zealand to New
York - originated in this region of Africa 200,000 years ago.
The project, conducted by a dozen scientists from three continents, claims
that the mother of all modern humans living today - from New Zealand to New
York - originated in this region of Africa 200,000 years ago.
"We have known for a long time that modern humans originated in Africa,"
Vanessa Hayes, a geneticist at the Garvan Institute of Medical Research who
led the study, said at a press briefing last Thursday. "What we hadn't known
until this study was where exactly this homeland was."
The team combined genetic ancestry tracing with climate modeling to paint a
picture of how our ancient mothers must have lived. This northern portion of
Botswana - known as the Makgadikgadi basin - now contains arid salt flats,
but the study says it was once a lush wetland, filled with enough animals
and edible vegetation to sustain our hunter-gatherer ancestors.
This legacy carries on today in the way the Khoisan live. They are a group
of hunter-gatherers who still inhabit this region and whose voluntary DNA
contributions made the study's discovery possible.
But before booking a flight to visit this motherland of all motherlands,
it's important to know that not all anthropologists and archaeologists
believe this is the cradle of life. The debate has arisen because genetics
appear to indicate one thing about human history, but fossils and artifacts
point to something completely different.
For nearly a decade, scientists believed our human species - Homo sapiens -
came from in Africa because the oldest fossils bearing our resemblance date
back 200,000 years. But those specimens - known as the Omo remains - were
discovered in Ethiopia, thousands of miles north of the newly proposed
homeland in Botswana.
Moreover, the Omo fossils lost their mantle as the oldest known sapiens when
a 300,000-year-old skull found even farther away - Morocco - was unveiled in
2017. That's 100,000 years older than the date scientists have proposed for
the Botswana origins.
So how can our DNA paint one picture of our origins, while bones paint
another? Well, discovering the origin of modern humans involves more than
tracing your maternal heritage.
What the study did
People often speak about "DNA" as though it is a singular entity, but human
cells actually contain two types of this genetic material. "Nuclear" DNA,
found in a cell's nucleus, contains the information that defines most of
human existence - eye color, hair color, height, mental capacity.
But a small fraction of DNA is housed in another part of your cells, the
mitochondria. Mitochondrial DNA allows mitochondria to perform their key
task of making energy.
Mitochondrial DNA is also special because you only inherit it from your
mother, unlike nuclear DNA which is a mixture from both parents.
Mitochondrial DNA can also serve as an ancestry stopwatch because it mutates
10 times faster than nuclear DNA, about once every 8,000 years.
Let's say our moms are sisters, and yours develops a random mutation in her
mitochondrial, while mine doesn't. Your family's mitochondrial blueprint
will be forever different than mine. That single mutation serves as a fork
in the road of our ancestry - one that can now be traced backwards through
time (and space if our families move away from each other).
Since the late-1980s, geneticists have known that if you collect enough
human samples from enough places in the world, then mitochondrial DNA can be
used to trace maternal heritage from today back to the time when we diverged
from our most recent common ancestor, which some refer to as Mitochondrial
Eve.
Over the years, as more genetic information was collected from more people,
this Mitochondrial Eve- whose mitochondrial DNA profile is dubbed the "L0
haplogroup" - has been traced closer and closer to southern Africa, landing
squarely among the click-speaking Khoisan people.
[A Khoisan woman in Namibia on August 22, 2010 are an ethnic group of
southwest Africa. They live in the Kalahari Desert across the borders of
Botswana, Namibia, Angola and South Africa. Most live in Botswana. They have
a foraging lifestyle based on the hunting of wild animals (usually with bows
and poison arrows and spears) and the gathering of veld food. Their
lifestyle is particularly adapted to the hard conditions of the Kalahari
Desert. Photo by Eric LAFFORGUE/Gamma-Rapho via Getty Images]
But Khoisan remains and archaeological sites stretch across the region -
from below the Zambezi river and Okavango Delta in northern Botswana to the
southernmost tip of Africa. Over hundreds of years, this area has been
influenced by migrants, such as non-click speaking Bantu cultures from
central Africa - making the genetic picture murky.
"The first effort [of the study] was to seek out people who do not identify
as Khoisan, but could potentially be carrying the oldest L0 haplogroup,"
said Eva Chan, a bioinformatics scientist in the Human Comparative and
Prostate Cancer Genomics Lab at The Garvan Institute of Medical Research,
who co-authored the study.
So, Chan, Hayes and their colleagues collected 198 new DNA samples from
southern Africans and compared them with about 1,000 previously collected
genetic profiles from the region.
What the study found
Their results show that mitochondrial Eve - which statistically speaking is
not one woman, but a group of closely related women - emerged approximately
200,000 years ago in the Makgadikgadi basin.
Based on their genetic data, the first families stayed in this region for
70,000 years.
"There was once a very large lake there. It stretched all the way from
Namibia, across Botswana and into Zimbabwe," Hayes said, adding that it was
bigger than Lake Victoria - Africa's largest lake.
The team proposes that by the time Mitochondrial Eve and her modern human
offspring appeared in this region 200,000 years ago, Lake Makgadikgadi would
have started breaking up into smaller bodies of water, creating a wetland.
Based on their genetic data, the first families stayed in this region for
70,000 years.
"Then suddenly around 130,000 years ago, we see divergence happening, or
splitting up the lineages," Hayes said. One group moved northeast, based on
genetic analysis. A second branch of the original L0 families didn't move
south until 110,000 years ago.
To better explain why these migrations occurred, the research team created
climate models, based partly on nearby ocean sediment cores that contain
clues about ancient vegetation and rainfall.
"By comparing the climatic data with timelines of the genetic divergences,
we found a striking pattern," said Axel Timmermann, director of the Center
for Climate Physics at Pusan National University in South Korea. "More
rainfall around 130,000 years ago, northeast of the Makgadikgadi homeland
created a green corridor - a vegetated corridor - for migration for the
first group."
Before this green corridor opened, the Makgadikgadi basin appeared to be
surrounded by arid, inhospitable land with little wildlife, based on
ancestral records for lions, giraffe and zebra. A second corridor opened
110,000 years ago to the southwest, allowing the later migration. Unlike the
climate change seen today, which is largely human-made, those ancient
patterns were due to a shift in the Earth's axis and orbit that happens
every few thousand years.
"In particular, the Southern Hemisphere summer is moving closer to the sun,
so it receives more sunlight," Timmermann said, speaking about the
researchers' climate model simulations. "It's warming up and is also having
more moisture."
Why this matters
Anyone familiar with human genetics and fossil records knows that this new
study does not close the case on our ancestral homeland.
Remember, Mitochondrial DNA makes up a tiny fraction - 0.0005 percent - of
the human genetic code.
"The deepest roots of the mitochondrial DNA doesn't really tell us the
location of the deepest root of the thousands of other genes in the nucleus
that are also unique to people today," said Rick Potts, head of the
Smithsonian Institution's Human Origins Program.
Take, for example, a gene called EPAS1. Certain mutations in this gene allow
Tibetans to live at high altitude, but they inherited this super-athlete
trait from Denisovans. Denisovans are like Neanderthals, an extinct group of
beings who are distinct from Homo sapiens but could mate with them all the
same.
Here's the thing, our common ancestor with Denisovans and Neanderthals split
from our sapien forebearers and left Africa, along with other humanlike
hominid species, hundreds of thousands of years before Mitochondrial Eve
sprouted in the Makgadikgadi basin.
"We all have that as part of our heritage - a strictly African story," Potts
said. "When people from Europe or North America use 23andMe or Ancestry.com,
they will get results that are not L0 mitochondrial DNA, but they're derived
from L0. originally derived from African history."
But he said the study's main takeaway overlooks all other contributions to
heritage, including some from ancient Africa.
If, for instance, a mother had only sons, then her DNA would be passed on in
later humans, but that would not "register in the mitochondria," Potts said.
"So there may have been quite a number of mothers who contributed from all
over Africa to modern day human genetic diversity, the genomes of modern
humans and to what it means to be human."
Potts also questions the "green corridor" requirement for these early
migrations, given modern humans can live in hellishly difficult places- from
the frigid poles to the scorching desert. Even the modern Khoisan survive in
the less-than-hospitable terrain of the Kalahari desert.
"A number of us who study paleoenvironment and human evolution are moving
away from the idea that humans had to stick with some idyllic corridor
environment in order to move around," Potts said. And also recalled that the
fossil record, which includes older, anatomically sapien bones from Morocco
and Ethiopia, do not square with this genetically determined Makgadikgadi
homeland.
Hayes pushed back this rationale, saying DNA still needs to be extracted
from the Morocco skull to figure out where it fits into the story of modern
humans.
"We really wanted to define the founder population," said Hayes, who also
heads the Garvan Institute's unit for human comparative and prostate cancer
genomics. "Until we get DNA from these skeletons and find more
skeletons.it's very hard for us to speculate."
But those fossils may no longer exist, given Africa has witnessed a constant
stream of climatic, geological and architectural change.
Known fossilized bones support the idea that all humans, whether sapien,
Neanderthal, Denisovan or otherwise - came from Africa, but they suggest
that the emergence of our modern species happened all over the continent and
in different ways. For example, his lab reported last year the oldest known
evidence in Kenya of long distance trading, precise stone tools and
primitive crayons, dates back 305,000 years.
Potts wonders if the genetic picture - once more ancient DNA is uncovered -
will say the same thing as the artifact record. Until then, he compares the
Makgadikgadi study to the parable of blind men trying to comprehend an
elephant.
"That's one of the great things about a paper like this: It contributes one
part of the elephant. But it doesn't give us the whole thing," Potts said.
Sent from my iPad 2018
Begin forwarded message:
> From: ITE Press <press(a)ite.gov.rs>
> Date: October 28, 2019 at 3:09:12 PM GMT+1
> To: ITE Press <press(a)ite.gov.rs>
> Subject: Saopštenje za sajt
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> Србија и САД активни у размени искуства у области информационе безбедности
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> Београд, 28. октобар 2019 .године – Доц. др Михаило Јовановић, директор Канцеларије за ИТ и еУправу састао се данас са Фредом Руонаваром, шефом системског обезбеђења Агенције за одбрамбене информационе системе (DISA) и информационе мреже Министарства одбране (DoDIN), одељења за заштиту критичне инфраструктуре (CIP) Сједињених Америчких Држава.
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Electric scooters: France introduces new rules to 'restore tranquillity'
France is bringing in new rules for the use of electric scooters following hundreds of incidents involving the vehicles, including several deaths.
>From Saturday, riders will be required to be at least 12 and will not be able to ride their scooter on the pavement.
The two-wheeled vehicles' top speed will also be capped by next year.
E-scooters, which can travel at more than 50km/h (30mph), are growing in popularity, in part because of their low environmental impact.
Junior Transport Minister Jean-Baptiste Djebbari said in a statement the new rules would encourage "more responsible use... and restore a sense of tranquillity for pedestrians, in particular the most vulnerable: the elderly, children and handicapped people".
<https://www.legifrance.gouv.fr/affichTexte.do;jsessionid=962CC1FFCA6FBF6363…> Other rules coming into force include:
* Riding on the pavement will be prohibited unless in designated areas, and then at walking speed only
* Only one rider will be allowed per device, and no mobile phone use will be allowed
* Users cannot go against the traffic flow and must use cycle paths where available
* Riders will not be allowed to wear headphones while on their scooter
* By next July, the scooters' top speed will be capped at 25km/h
* Users riding on permitted faster roads must wear a helmet and high-visibility clothing
* E-scooters will be banned completely on country roads
Any infringement will be punished by a fine of €135 (£116), and up to €1,500 for going over the speed limit.
Last weekend, a 25-year-old man was killed and a young woman seriously injured after the scooter they were riding was struck by a car in the south-western city of Bordeaux.
At least five other scooter deaths have been reported in France, including in the capital Paris and its suburbs and the eastern city of Reims.
Some 15,000 scooters are available for hire in Paris.
Dumped scooters have also become a significant problem in the city, with many being found in the city's parks and squares.
A ban on parking the dockless scooters on pavements has largely gone unheeded despite the threat of an €35 fine.
Some are also being thrown in the River Seine, leading some firms to salvage discarded scooters to try to recycle them where possible.
Source:
https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50189279
Za objavu, bila malopre :)
_________
Ksenija Kostić
Marketing
<http://www.pcpress.rs/> www.pcpress.rs
PC Press | Osmana Đikića 4 | 11000 Beograd | Srbija
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From: EY Belgrade Marketing RS [mailto:marketing@rs.ey.com]
Sent: 25 October 2019 13:56
To: Undisclosed recipients:
Subject: Saopštenje za medije - Novi ciklus programa EY Preduzetnik godine i rezultati studije EY Preduzetnički barometar
Poštovani,
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Odeljenje marketinga i komunikacija
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