Možda zanimljivo...
https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/ai-machine-l… <https://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/gadgets-and-tech/news/ai-machine-l…> &utm_source=Facebook#Echobox=1595344327
Machines can learn unsupervised 'at speed of light' after AI breakthrough, scientists say
<https://www.independent.co.uk/author/anthony-cuthbertson> Anthony Cuthbertson2 days ago
Researchers have achieved a breakthrough in the development of <https://www.independent.co.uk/topic/artificial-intelligence> artificial intelligence by using light instead of electricity to perform computations.
The new approach significantly improves both the speed and efficiency of machine learning neural networks – a form of AI that aims to replicate the functions performed by a human brain in order to teach itself a task without supervision.
Current processors used for machine learning are limited in performing complex operations by the power required to process the data. The more intelligent the task, the more complex the data, and therefore the greater the power demands.
Such networks are also limited by the slow transmission of electronic data between the processor and the memory.
Researchers from George Washington University in the US discovered that using photons within neural network (tensor) processing units (TPUs) could overcome these limitations and create more powerful and power-efficient AI.
A paper describing the research, published today in the scientific journal Applied Physics Reviews, reveals that their photon-based TPU was able to perform between 2-3 orders of magnitude higher than an electric TPU.
“We found that integrated photonic platforms that integrate efficient optical memory can obtain the same operations as a tensor processing unit, but they consume a fraction of the power and have higher throughput,” said Mario Miscuglio, one of the paper’s authors.
“When opportunely trained, [the platforms] can be used for performing interference at the speed of light.”
Created with Sketch. In pictures: Artificial intelligence through history
Show all 7
Created with Sketch. Created with Sketch.
Potential commercial applications for the innovative processor include 5G and 6G networks, as well as data centres tasked with performing vast amounts of data processing.
Dr Miscuglio said: "Photonic specialised processors can save a tremendous amount of energy, improve response time and reduce data centre traffic."
Sent from my iPad 2018
Možda zanimljivo...
https://maraoz.com/2020/07/18/openai-gpt3/
OpenAI's GPT-3 may be the biggest thing since bitcoin
Jul 18, 2020
Summary: I share my early experiments with OpenAI's new language prediction model (GPT-3) beta. I explain why I think GPT-3 has disruptive potential comparable to that of blockchain technology.
OpenAI, a non-profit artificial intelligence research company backed by Peter Thiel, Elon Musk, Reid Hoffman, Marc Benioff, Sam Altman and others, released its third generation of language prediction model (GPT-3) into the open-source wild. Language models allow computers to produce random-ish sentences of approximately the same length and grammatical structure as those in a given body of text.
In my early experiments with GPT-3 I found that GPT-3’s predicted sentences, when published on the bitcointalk.org forum, attracted lots of positive attention from posters there, including suggestions that the system must have been intelligent (and/or sarcastic) and that it had found subtle patterns in their posts. I imagine that similar results can be obtained by republishing GPT-3’s outputs to other message boards, blogs, and social media.
I predict that, unlike its two predecessors (PTB and OpenAI GPT-2), OpenAI GPT-3 will eventually be widely used to pretend the author of a text is a person of interest, with unpredictable and amusing effects on various communities. I further predict that this will spark a creative gold rush among talented amateurs to train similar models and adapt them to a variety of purposes, including: mock news, “researched journalism”, advertising, politics, and propaganda.
Are you being served?
I chose bitcointalk.org as the target environment for my experiments for a variety of reasons: It is a popular forum with many types of posts and posters.
So there are lots of posts for GPT-3 to study and learn from. The forum also has many people I don’t like. I expect them to be disproportionately excited by the possibility of having a new poster that appears to be intelligent and relevant. I’ve been following the forum for years. There are many posts I know the answers to, so I could provide a quick response and measure how well GPT-3 does with comments similar to those I make.
I posted about one interesting tech topic every day in May, alternating between using my own words and paraphrasing my previous post with GPT-3’s help. I didn’t take special care to make these GPT-3-enhanced posts blend in well. I was interested in what GPT-3 would come up with when it saw what had been said previously. The table below shows some results:
My expectation was that, like PTB, GPT-3 would be mostly about the forum’s already existing memes and have trouble producing fresh ideas. This prediction seems to have been true. This is not a surprise, since memes, often produced by bots, have been very successful on the forum in recent years. Still, GPT-3 still managed to repeatedly surprise me with its remarks, so I’m hoping there is a lot of room for improvement with this system and others like it. This is a taste of what is to come with “AI” and I imagine that the “AI revolution” has a lot of fuel left to burn in the information wars.
When I post to the forum as myself, people frequently mention that they think I must be a “bot” to be able to post so quickly, be so accurate, and/or say the same thing as someone else. The screenshots below show comments from a number of threads where GPT-3 is replying. All of these were posted to bitcointalk.org within the last few days. GPT-3 has been very popular and seems to be attracting new followers at this time.
On the road to AI
I was recently watching a podcast about how OpenAI built their latest language model and it made me wonder what could be done with a system like this. I could not stop thinking about the applications of such a technology and how it could improve our lives. I was thinking of how cool it would be to build a Twitter-like service where the only posts are GPT-3 outputs.
This system is an early prototype and its behavior is not comparable to that of a real, trained AI. While OpenAI GPT-3 does seem to be able to predict replies, it does not always predict replies to its own posts, nor do its predicted replies tend to be relevant or even grammatically correct. A prototype that had predicted replies that were convincing in most cases would be much more impressive than the GPT-3 I describe here, although that would probably require many years of training and many iterations of improvements on the model. I am merely imagining what an OpenAI GPT-3-like system might be able to achieve in the hands of a talented human operator.
_____
Now for the fun part
I have a confession: I did not write the above article. I did not perform any such experiments posting on bitcointalk (in fact, I haven’t used that forum in years!). But I did it on my own blog! This article was fully written by GPT-3. Were you able to recognize it? I received access to OpenAI API yesterday and have been posting some unbelievable results on <https://twitter.com/maraoz> twitter. This blog post is another attempt at showing the enormous raw power of GPT-3. This is what I gave the model as a prompt (copied from this website’s homepage)
Manuel Araoz's Personal Website
Bio
I studied Computer Science and Engineering at Instituto Tecnológico de Buenos Aires. I'm located in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
My previous work is mostly about cryptocurrencies, distributed systems, machine learning, interactivity, and robotics. One of my goals is to bring new experiences to people through technology.
I cofounded and was formerly CTO at OpenZeppelin. Currently, I'm studying music, biology+neuroscience, machine learning, and physics.
Blog
JUL 18, 2020
Title: OpenAI's GPT-3 may be the biggest thing since bitcoin
tags: tech, machine-learning, hacking
Summary: I share my early experiments with OpenAI's new language prediction model (GPT-3) beta. I explain why I think GPT-3 has disruptive potential comparable to that of blockchain technology.
Full text:
and then just copied what the model generated verbatim with minor spacing and formatting edits (no other characters were changed). I generated different results a couple (less than 10) times until I felt the writing style somewhat matched my own, and published it. I also added the cover image. Hope you were as surprised as I was with the quality of the result.
That said, I do believe GPT-3 is one of the major technological advancements I’ve seen so far, and I look forward to playing with it a lot more! Very strange times lie ahead…
Cover photo by <https://unsplash.com/@lenin33?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_c…> Lenin Estrada on <https://unsplash.com/?utm_source=unsplash&utm_medium=referral&utm_content=c…> Unsplash.
Sent from my iPad 2018
Istražite malo pa pišite o Garminu koji je već dva dana off-line, ne rade ni
servisi, ni uređaji (tamo gde zavise od podataka sa Interneta), ni call
centri, čak ni e-mail-ove ne mogu da primaju. I to traaaaaje...
We are currently experiencing an outage that affects
<https://www.garmin.com/> Garmin.com and Garmin Connect. This outage also
affects our call centers, and we are currently unable to receive any calls,
emails or online chats. We are working to resolve this issue as quickly as
possible and apologize for this inconvenience.
Moja teorija (a vidim da tako pričaju i na reddit-u) je da su fasovali neki
ransomware, ne mogu da zamislim ništa drugo što bi toliko trajalo...
Pozdrav, Dejan
Svakako nije vakcina, nije baš ni lek, ali ako se ovo pokaže validnim, mnogo će pomoći... Možda da napišemo nešto
https://www.bbc.com/news/health-53467022?at_custom3=BBC+News <https://www.bbc.com/news/health-53467022?at_custom3=BBC+News&at_custom1=%5B…> &at_custom1=%5Bpost+type%5D&at_custom2=facebook_page&at_medium=custom7&at_custom4=FD96E832-CA53-11EA-836B-BEF5FCA12A29&at_campaign=64
Coronavirus: Protein treatment trial 'a breakthrough'
By Justin Rowlatt BBC News
<https://ichef.bbci.co.uk/news/320/cpsprodpb/B4C7/production/_112097264_kaye…>
BBC Panorama Kaye Flitney is one of those enrolled on the clinical trial
The preliminary results of a clinical trial suggest a new treatment for Covid-19 reduces the number of patients needing intensive care, according to the UK company that developed it.
The treatment from Southampton-based biotech Synairgen uses a protein called interferon beta which the body produces when it gets a viral infection.
The protein is inhaled directly into the lungs of patients with coronavirus, using a nebuliser, in the hope that it will stimulate an immune response.
The initial findings suggest the treatment cut the odds of a Covid-19 patient in hospital developing severe disease - such as requiring ventilation - by 79%.
Patients were two to three times more likely to recover to the point where everyday activities were not compromised by their illness, Synairgen claims.
It said the trial also indicated "very significant" reductions in breathlessness among patients who received the treatment.
In addition, the average time patients spent in hospital is said to have been reduced by a third, for those receiving the new drug - down from an average of nine days to six days.
The double-blind trial involved 101 volunteers who had been admitted for treatment at nine UK hospitals for Covid-19 infections.
Half of the participants were given the drug, the other half got what is known as a placebo - an inactive substance.
Unconfirmed results
Stock market rules mean Synairgen is obliged to report the preliminary results of the trial.
The results have not been published in a peer-reviewed journal, nor has the full data been made available; so the BBC cannot confirm the claims made for the treatment.
But if the results are as the company says, it will be a very important step forward in the treatment of coronavirus infections.
The scientist in charge of the trial, Tom Wilkinson, says if the results are confirmed in larger studies the new treatment will be "a game changer".
The trial was relatively small but the signal that the treatment benefits patients was unusually strong, he says.
"We couldn't have expected much better results than these," Synairgen chief executive Richard Marsden told the BBC.
He described the results as "a major breakthrough in the treatment of hospitalised Covid-19 patients".
What happens next?
Mr Marsden said the company will be presenting its findings to medical regulators around the world in the next couple of days to see what further information they require in order to approve the treatment.
That process could take months, although the British government, like many others, has said it will work as fast as possible to get promising coronavirus treatments approved.
It is possible it could be given emergency approval, <https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-52805828> as the anti-viral drug remdesivir was in May.
Another possibility is that permission will be given for more patients to receive the treatment with the effects being carefully monitored to confirm it is safe and effective.
If it does get approval, the drug and the nebulisers used to deliver it would then need to be manufactured in large quantities.
Mr Marsden says he instructed companies to start producing supplies back in April to ensure they would be available should the results be positive.
He says he expects Synairgen to be able to deliver "a few 100,000" doses a month by the winter.
How does the treatment work?
Interferon beta is part of the body's first line of defence against viruses, warning it to expect a viral attack.
The coronavirus seems to suppress its production as part of its strategy to evade our immune systems.
The new drug is a special formulation of interferon beta delivered directly to the airways via a nebuliser which makes the protein into an aerosol.
The idea is that a direct dose of the protein in the lungs will trigger a stronger anti-viral response, even in patients whose immune systems are already weak.
Interferon beta is commonly used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis.
Previous clinical trials conducted by Synairgen have shown that it can stimulate an immune response and that patients with asthma and other chronic lung conditions can comfortably tolerate the treatment.
How was the treatment tested?
No-one involved in the trial knew which patients have been given which treatment until it was over.
"If you know it's a drug, your mind might have a bias," explained Sandy Aitken, one of the nurses who administered the new drug to patients at Southampton Hospital.
Synairgen's drug trial was the template for the Accord programme, a fast-track clinical trial scheme set up by the UK government in April to accelerate the development of new drugs for patients with Covid-19.
The Synairgen team believes the drug could be even more effective at the early stages of infection.
A trial exploring the effects of giving patients who are in high-risk groups the new drug as soon as they are confirmed as having Covid-19 has struggled to find volunteers because there are so few new infections at the moment.
What do other experts say?
Expert in emergency medicine Prof Steve Goodacre, from the University of Sheffield, said: "These results are not interpretable. We need the full details and, perhaps more importantly, the trial protocol. The trial should have been registered and a protocol made available before any analysis was undertaken."
Prof Naveed Sattar, professor of metabolic medicine at the University of Glasgow, said: "The results seem very impressive, and although accepted that the trial is small with just over 100 participants, a 79% reduction in disease severity could be a game changer.
"It would be good to see the full results once presented and peer-reviewed to make sure they are robust and the trial conduct was rigorous. Also, with small numbers comes less certainty on the true level of benefit, or whether benefits vary between people with differing risk characteristics. Such work would require a larger trial but, even so, these results are very exciting."
Vredelo bi od ovoga napraviti tekst. Naročito mi se sviđa onaj štos sa kupovinom knjiga kojih nema na lageru :)))
Pozdrav, Dejan
https://www.businessinsider.com/jeff-bezos-amazon-history-facts-2017-4?utm_… <https://www.businessinsider.com/jeff-bezos-amazon-history-facts-2017-4?utm_…> &utm_medium=social&utm_source=facebook.com
'Amazon' wasn't the original name of Jeff Bezos' company, and 14 other little-known facts about the early days of Amazon
<https://www.businessinsider.com/author/avery-hartmans> Avery Hartmans
Jul 16, 2020, 8:50 PM
"Amazon" wasn't the company's original name.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/536e223f6bb3f731027c70bc?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/536e223f6bb3f731027c70bc?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
<http://www.villageswebdesign.co.uk/retro-website-design-amazon-1995/> Amazon / Villages Web Design
Jeff Bezos originally wanted to give the company the magical sounding name "Cadabra."
Amazon's first lawyer, Todd Tarbert, convinced him that the name sounded too similar to "Cadaver," especially over the phone. (Bezos also favored the name "Relentless." If you visit Relentless.com today, it navigates to Amazon.)
He finally chose "Amazon" because he liked that the company would be named after the largest river in the world, hence the company's original logo.
In the early days of Amazon, a bell would ring in the office every time someone made a purchase, and everyone would gather around to see if they knew the customer.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/5e6fa0bcc4854040361772f4?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/5e6fa0bcc4854040361772f4?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
Matt Weinberger/Business Insider
It only took a few weeks before the bell was ringing so frequently that they had to turn it off.
In the first month of its launch, Amazon had already sold books to people in all 50 states and in 45 different countries.
An obscure book about lichens saved Amazon from going bankrupt.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/5e6fa195c4854040da436ba2?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/5e6fa195c4854040da436ba2?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
Lichen in the US state of Connecticut. AP Photo/Jessica Hill
Book distributors required retailers to order 10 books at a time, and Amazon didn't need that much inventory yet (or have that much money).
So, the team discovered a loophole: Although the distributors required that Amazon ordered 10 books, the company didn't need to receive that many. So, they would order one book they needed, and nine copies of an obscure lichen book, which was always out of stock.
Amazon got started out of Bezos' garage. In the early days, Bezos held meetings at Barnes & Noble.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/58e7e9f977bb70b61a8b4896?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/58e7e9f977bb70b61a8b4896?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
A woman looks in from a window panel of a Barnes & Noble store in New York Thomson Reuters
In the early days of Amazon, the servers that the company used required so much power that Bezos and his wife couldn't run a hair dryer or a vacuum in the house without blowing a fuse.
Jeff Bezos expected employees to work 60-hour weeks, at least. The idea of work-life balance didn't exist.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/5e6fa209c4854041025bd4d3?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/5e6fa209c4854041025bd4d3?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
Eliza Relman/Insider
One early employee worked so tirelessly over eight months — biking back and forth from work in the very early morning and very late night — that he completely forgot about the blue station wagon that he'd parked near his apartment.
He never had time to read his mail, and when he finally did, he found a handful of parking tickets, a notice that his car had been towed, a few warnings from the towing company, and a final message that his car had been sold at an auction.
Amazon's first intense Christmas season came in 1998.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/5804d013c524021c008b4af7?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/5804d013c524021c008b4af7?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
Here's what Amazon's warehouses look like these days. Shutterstock
The company was dramatically under-staffed. Every employee had to take a graveyard shift in the fulfillment centers to meet orders. They would bring their friends and family and would often sleep in their cars before going to work the next day.
After that, Amazon vowed that it would never have a shortage of labor to meet demand for the holidays again, which is why Amazon hires so many seasonal workers today.
When eBay launched onto the scene, Amazon tried to build its own auction site to compete.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/536e2f0fecad044d077c70bc?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/536e2f0fecad044d077c70bc?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
The cave bear skeleton in the lobby at Amazon HQ. Business Insider
The idea flopped, but Bezos himself loved it.
He purchased a $40,000 skeleton of an Ice Age cave bear and displayed it in the lobby of the company's headquarters. Next to it was a sign that read "Please Don't Feed The Bear." It's still there today.
Bezos liked to move incredibly fast, which often created chaos, especially in Amazon's distribution centers.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/53457e2aeab8eab933657952?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/53457e2aeab8eab933657952?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
<http://www.apimages.com/metadata/Index/Associated-Press-Domestic-News-Washi…> Ted S. Warren/AP
Amazon suffered extreme growing pains in the late '90s and early 2000s. Facilities would get shut down for hours because of system outages, piles of products would sit around ignored by workers, and there was no preparation for new product categories.
When the kitchen category was introduced, knives without protective packaging would come hurtling down conveyor shoots. It was extremely dangerous.
In early 2002, Bezos introduced the concept of "two-pizza teams" to Amazon.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/5e6fa30bc4854041c51a4515?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/5e6fa30bc4854041c51a4515?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
REUTERS/Mark Makela
Employees would be organized into groups of fewer than 10 people — the perfect number to be satisfied by two pizzas for dinner — and were expected to work autonomously. Teams had to set strict goals, with equations to measure their success. Those equations were called "fitness functions," and tracking those goals was how Bezos managed his teams.
"Communication is a sign of dysfunction," Bezos said. "It means people aren't working together in a close, organic way. We should be trying to figure out a way for teams to communicate less with each other, not more."
Many employees hated "two-pizza teams," and especially the stress of the fitness functions.
Dissatisfied customers can email Jeff Bezos directly and he'll forward the message along to the right person, with one dreaded addition: "?"
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/58e7eb8977bb70b51a8b4893?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/58e7eb8977bb70b51a8b4893?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
Drew Angerer/Getty Images
Stone writes:
"When Amazon employees get a Bezos question mark e-mail, they react as though they've discovered a ticking bomb. They've typically got a few hours to solve whatever issue the CEO has flagged and prepare a thorough explanation for how it occurred, a response that will be reviewed by a succession of managers before the answer is presented to Bezos himself. Such escalations, as these e-mails are known, are Bezos's way of ensuring that the customer's voice is constantly heard inside the company."
Before Google had "Street View," Amazon had "Block View."
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/5e6fa392c4854042fe4eaa12?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/5e6fa392c4854042fe4eaa12?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
An early Google Street View mapping car. Fabrizio Bensch/Reuters
In 2004, Amazon launched a search engine, A9.com.
The A9 team started a project called Block View, a visual Yellow Pages, which would pair street-level photographs of stores and restaurants with their listings in A9's search results. On a budget of less than $100,000, Amazon flew photographers to 20 major cities where they rented vehicles to start taking pictures of restaurants.
Amazon eventually dropped Block View in 2006, and Google didn't start Street View until 2007.
Amazon employees were encouraged to use "primal screams" as therapeutic release during the high-tension holiday season.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/5e6fa3efc48540435e69e005?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/5e6fa3efc48540435e69e005?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
Dimension Films
Amazon hires seasonal workers, but the holiday season is still extremely stressful for the logistics teams.
In the early 2000s, Jeff Wilke, Amazon's operations manager, would let any person or team who accomplished a significant goal close their eyes, lean back, and yell into the phone at him at the top of their lungs. Wilke told Brad Stone that some of the primal screams nearly blew out his speakers.
Amazon's fulfillment centers have had issues with their working conditions since the beginning, and many unhappy workers have found ways to rebel.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/5298c743eab8ea9635d21770?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/5298c743eab8ea9635d21770?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
Reuters
Once, an employee who was preparing to quit hopped onto the fulfillment center's conveyor belt and rode it merrily through the entire facility.
One of the wildest stories, however, may be from 2006 and it involves a temporary employee at a Kansas fulfillment center:
"He would show up at the start of his shift and leave at the end of it, but he never logged any hours in between. It took at least a week for anyone to discover what was going on: He had tunneled out a den inside a huge pile of empty wooden pallets. Completely out of view, he had used Amazon products to make a bed, ripped pictures from Amazon books to line his make-shift walls, and stolen Amazon food to snack on. When he was discovered, he was (unsurprisingly) fired."
"Fiona" was the original code-name for Amazon's Kindle.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/56267422bd86ef1d5d8b8215?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/56267422bd86ef1d5d8b8215?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
Bezos holds Kindle 2 at its unveiling (2009). <https://www.gettyimages.com/detail/news-photo/amazon-com-founder-and-ceo-je…> Mario Tama/Getty Images
The Kindle got its original name from a book called "The Diamond Age" by Neal Stephenson.
It was a novel set in the future about an engineer who steals a rare interactive textbook to give to his knowledge-hungry daughter, Fiona. The team that worked on Kindle prototypes thought of that fictitious textbook as the template for the device that they were working on.
The team eventually begged Bezos to keep the name Fiona, but he decided on another suggestion, Kindle, because it evoked the idea of starting a fire.
Jeff Bezos was a demanding boss and could explode at employees. Rumor has it, he hired a leadership coach to help him tone it down.
<data:image/svg+xml,%3Csvg%20xmlns='http://www.w3.org/2000/svg'%20viewBox='0%200%201%201'%3E%3C/svg%3E> <img src="https://i.insider.com/58e7ec058af57843238b4e93?width=600 <https://i.insider.com/58e7ec058af57843238b4e93?width=600&format=jpeg&am…> &format=jpeg&auto=webp" />
Mike Segar/Reuters
Bezos was known for his <http://www.businessinsider.com/things-amazons-jeff-bezos-tells-employees-wh…> explosive or sarcastic responses to employees if he wasn't happy with what they reported to him. It was said that he had hired a leadership coach to try to keep his harsh evaluations in check.
Here's an excerpt from Brad Stone's book:
"During one memorable meeting, Bezos reprimanded [Diane] Lye and her colleagues in his customarily devastating way, telling them they were stupid and saying they should 'come back in a week when you figure out what you're doing.' Then he walked a few steps, froze in mid-stride as if something had suddenly occurred to him, wheeled around, and added, 'But great work everyone.'"
Sent from my iPad 2018
From: POLITICO Pro Technology <politicoemail(a)politicopro.com <mailto:politicoemail@politicopro.com> >
Subject: [Ext] EU top court: Platforms not required to hand over email, IP address of copyright infringers
EU top court: Platforms not required to hand over email, IP address of copyright infringers
By Laura Kayali
07/09/2020 08:16 AM EDT
BRUSSELS — Rights holders cannot force online platforms to hand over the email, IP address or telephone number of copyright infringers, the Court of Justice of the European Union ruled Thursday.
“When a film is unlawfully uploaded onto an online platform, such as YouTube, the rightholder may, under the directive on the enforcement of intellectual property rights, require the operator to provide only the postal address of the user concerned, but not his or her email, IP address or telephone number,” the court said in a statement [politico.eu] <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/www.politico.eu/wp-content/uploads/2020/…> .
Constantin Film, which holds exclusive rights to exploit the movies ‘Parker’ and ‘Scary Movie 5,’ took YouTube and its parent company Google to court in Germany because the tech companies refused to communicate the email address, telephone number and IP addresses of users who uploaded those films illegally onto YouTube.
Germany’s federal court asked the CJEU whether Article 8 of the EU directive [eur-lex.europa.eu] <https://urldefense.com/v3/__https:/eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?…> on the enforcement of intellectual property rights, which grants rights holders a “right of information” on copyright infringers including name and address, covers email addresses, telephone numbers and IP addresses.
Following the advocate general’s conclusions, the court said no.
“The Court nevertheless stated that the member states have the option to grant holders of intellectual property rights the right to receive fuller information, provided, however, that a fair balance is struck between the various fundamental rights involved,” the CJEU added.